Public service broadcasting

Public service broadcasting: blog task

Create a new blogpost called 'Public service broadcasting' and complete the following tasks:

Ofcom report

Read the first few pages of this Ofcom report into Public Service Broadcasting in 2017.

1) How does the report suggest that TV viewing is changing?
People are increasingly viewing content in variety of different ways. Young adults are watching a substantial amount of non-PSB content. This has an effect on their behaviour changes which is not just happening in this group, but among the age of 45. Despite the changes in how people view television, overall viewing on the  TV has set is resilient. Each week, 85% in the UK who have a TV in their household, watch PSB content.

2) What differences are highlighted between younger and older viewers?
 There are big differences between age groups and these gaps are widening. Viewers aged 65+ watched an average of 5 hours 44 minutes in 2016, just three minutes less than in 2012. In contrast, 16-24 year olds watched an average of 1 hour 54 minutes in 2016, 43 minutes less than in 2012. This shows that for viewers 65+, it has stayed fairly consistent from 2012 until 2016. Whereas, for young people, it has decreased by substantial amount even though they watch less TV then elderly people.  

3) Does the report suggest audiences are satisfied with public service broadcasting TV channels?
Eventhough not many people watch PSB channels, the overall viewing on the TV set is resilient. 85% of the people who have a possession of a TV in their household, watch PSB channels. 

4) Public service broadcasting channels are a major aspect of the UK cultural industries. How much money did PSB channels spend on UK-originated content in 2016? 
  PSB channels spent £276m in 2016 on UK-orientated content, a 2% increase in real terms since 2015.



Goldsmiths report

Read this report from Goldsmiths University - A future for public service television: content and platforms in a digital world.

1) What does the report state has changed in the UK television market in the last 20 years?
Television remains at the heart of british heart, serving a democratic purpose, stimulating local and national conversations, and providing collective experience. The TV sector has undergone through huge changes over the past generations. The proliferation of channels has reduced the market share of the public service broadcasters. 


2) Look at page 4. What are the principles that the report suggests need to be embedded in regulation of public service broadcasting in future?
Ofcom should supplement its occasional reviews of public service broadcasting with a regular qualitative audit of public service content in order to ensure that audiences are being served with high-quality and diverse programming.
 
 

3) What does the report say about the BBC?
The BBC is the most important part of the television ecology, but the model of universality underpinning its public service credentials is under threat. The BBC has been contracting in real terms and it is hard to sustain the case that it is damaging competitors.  

4) According to the report, how should the BBC be funded in future?
The government should hand over decision making concerning the funding of the BBC to an independent advisory body that works on fixed settlement periods. 

5) What does the report say about Channel 4?
Channel 4 occupies a critical place in the public service ecology - supporting the independent production sector and airing content aimed specifically at the diverse audiences. Its remit has remained flexible and it has moved with the times. 

6) How should Channel 4 operate in future?
Channel 4 should continue to innovate and experiment across different platforms and it should aim to arrest the fall in the fall in the number of independent suppliers that it works with.

7) Look at page 10 - new kids on the block. What does the report say about new digital content providers and their link to public service broadcasting?
 Television with the characteristics of public service broadcasting now appears outside the public service system: from Sky and other commercial broadcasters, on subscription video-on-demand services such as Netflix and Amazon, and through the new Local TV services. Meanwhile, a broad range of cultural institutions – including museums, performing arts institutions and community organisations – are now producing video content of public service character.


Final questions - your opinion on public service broadcasting

1) Should the BBC retain its position as the UK’s public service broadcaster?
BBC is very competitive in the media industry and has its own platform as one of the best British channels. I think BBC should retain its position since viewers are still finding it entertaining even though its a UK public service broadcaster. If BBC is suddenly changed, then many questions on social media will be created. 
  
2) Is there a role for the BBC in the 21st century digital world?
BBC is doing a good role of entertaining and providing their audience with information such as shows like doctor who which well known in the British era. BBC may be one of the most reliable sources in broadcasting TV in UK.

3) Should the BBC funding model (license fee) change? How?
 As mentioned before in the report, I do think to scrap their license fee and trading it for a progressive integration within our council tax would be a good idea. 

Brand values

Brand values task 100-10-1

Hugo Boss

Hugo Boss brand is smart with what it delivers since it comes across to the audience as superior and overpowering even though it went through a very tragic External shock(World War 2). Its brand value would be quality and high price. Hugo boss could fit into several of dyer's lines of appeal: Rich, luxurious lifestyles- people in the upper or middle class would want to express them selves as superior and royal. It also fits into Experts or elite people- Hugo boss is for people who are successful and dynamic in which they always evolving and going up the social class. Finally, self importance and pride links to Hugo boss since people would admire their own looks and will increase their self-esteem when a consumer uses a product from Hugo boss.

Hugo boss brand is about price according to the quality.

Distinguished

Apple   

Apple brand is well known and has depicted a very good image towards the old and new digital age. Apple comes across to the audience as efficient and needed. Its brand value will be their productivity and their complementary goods. Apple could fit into several of dyers lines of appeal: Happy families- everyone wants to belong, hence why every household has possession of an apple since its essential to have. It also fits into successful career since an apple product is very expensive therefore only the middle and upper class would mostly be in hold of it. 

Comes across to the audience as efficient and needed

Valuable 

 JD

JD is known for its diversity and builds a cultural atmosphere online and in physicals stores. it deliberately attracts young audience because they understand young people have more of a voice than adults. Their Branding clearly reinforces Dyer's lines of appeal such as 'Successful careers' as it shows annual Christmas advertisements which exhibits many successful people all around the world taking part with sports and music. It also fits 'art, culture, history' since many of the promotional displays talk about the culture within the UK including the mission statement which promises them wanting to be the best UK sports fashion retailers. The sports clothes in which relate to the appeal ' dreams and fantasy' as certain products act like a catalyst to the future. 

JD supports and uplifts culture in the society and among young audiences. 

Trendy

MIGRAIN index December 2018

Index:

1) Introduction to Media: 10 questions

2) Media consumption audit

3) Language: Reading an image - advert analyses

4) Reception theory

5) Semiotics: icons, indexes and symbols

6) Genre: Factsheets and genre study questions

7) Narrative: Factsheet questions

8) Audience: classification - psychographics presentation notes

9) October assessment learner response

10) Audience theory 1 - Hypodermic needle/Two-step flow/U&G

11) Audience theory 2 - Bandura and Cohen - moral panic

12) Audience theory: Media Effects factsheet

13) Industries: Ownership and Control

14) Industries: Hesmondhalgh - The Cultural Industries

15) Industries: Public Service Broadcasting

16) Industries: Regulation

17) Industries: Brand Values and Lines of Appeal

18) Representation: Introduction - Taken trailer analysis


19) Representation: Theory - MM article and application of theory


20) Representation: Feminism - Everyday Sexism & Fourth Wave MM article 


21) Representation: Feminist theory


22) January assessment learner response


23) Representing ourselves: Identity in the online age - MM article & Factsheet


24) Ideology: BBC Question Time analysis and binary opposition


25) Ideology: MM reading on ideology and the wider media

Industries: Ownership and control blog task

Industries: Ownership and control blog task

2) Do you agree that governments should prevent media conglomerates from becoming too dominant? Write an argument that looks at both sides of this debate.

 A conglomerate is a large company composed of a number of smaller companies (subsidiaries).
A media conglomerate, or media group, is a company that owns numerous companies involved in creating mass media products such as print, television, radio, movies or online.
Examples include Comcast, 21st Century Fox or Disney.

I believe that Media conglomerates becoming too dominant will affect the media industry since small media companies will be unable to raise awareness for their and company or get recognition. Not many small media companies  will be able to become a competitor in the media industry due to every company being owned by media conglomerate. However, Media conglomerate becoming too dominant doesn't breach any law therefore,is acceptable in the economy. Also this will benefit the audience since audiences have a less of an option when selecting a good media company                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              

 Media Magazine 52 has a good feature on the changing relationship between audiences and institutions in the digital age. Go to our Media Magazine archive, click on MM52 and scroll to page 9 to read the article 'Two Key Concepts: The Relationship Between Audience and Institution'.

3) Briefly describe the production, promotion and distribution process for media companies.

Production companies are the people who produce the media e.g. movies. Promotion companies are the people who raise awareness to the public/audience for the content being created. Finally, distribution companies are the people who distribute the media, for example a movie is distributed through a cinema.

4) What are the different funding models for media institutions?

   

License fees

Programme sponsorships
Sales of programmes to other broadcasters 

5) The article gives a lot of examples of major media brands and companies. Choose three examples from the article and summarise what the writer is saying about each of them. 

ITV:
Relies on income generated by advertisers. This means that appealing to a larger audience is seen as much more valuable than the ones with smaller niche audiences. 

Disney:

It is known as a family- friend brand that focuses on children entertainment. It has built on its original reputation for animation, created early in the 20th century, through the construction of a ‘universe’. Diney has used many logos( the dream castle, Walt Disney's signature, Mickey's ears) to allow brand recognition across all their products.

Marvel: 

Is inextricably associated with the superhero genre as the film production studio developed from its hugely popular original comic book publication. Marvel superhero films may well contain alot violence;but they will also reinforce mainstream values around duty, sacrifice, personal strong to protect the weak. 

 

6) What examples are provided of the new business models media companies have had to adopt due to changes in technology and distribution?

Music:

The music industry can no longer generate profits through sales of music itself, so other ways to make money have been sought. Sponsorship, Merchandising. Income is also generated through live shows by musical artists. 

Movie:

The movie industry has invested enormous sums of money into 3D technology, in order to encourage audiences into cinema. 

BBC is reconsidering its funding structure now on-demand viewing is becoming more popular.

7) Re-read the section on 'The Future'. What examples are discussed of technology companies becoming major media institutions?

Google now owns YouTube, and has revolutionised the way we access music and the moving-image entertainment and information. 

Facebook has bought the virtual reality technology Oculus Rift; one potential benefit for the audiences is that is allows users to 'attend' and 'experience' events without leaving their own homes.  

Amazon, Netflix and Yahoo now create, produce and 'broadcast' their own TV shows, such as Transparent, Orange is the new black and Community 

8) Do you agree with the view that traditional media institutions are struggling to survive?

The traditional media institutions are struggling to survive since audiences reject traditional TV programming, newspapers and cinema exhibition. The Traditional media institutions will not maintain their place in the media marketplace since young audiences and the upcoming generations are entertained by the British media institution.  

9) How might diversification or vertical integration help companies to survive and thrive in a rapidly changing media landscape? 

 Diversification would help companies survive and thrive in a rapidly changing media landscape as the company would be expanding by branching out to a new stream within the same industry which would enable the company to access a different or wider range of audience

10) How do YOU see the relationship between audience and institution in the future? Will audiences gain increasing power or will the major global media conglomerates maintain their control?

In my opinion, i think that the audience will gain increasing power over what is shown in the media institution since the media conglomerates are focused on customer needs and what interests do audiences have in that media industry. Whereas, major global conglomerates will only maintain their control for a limited times until another media conglomerates buys the other. There are very competitive competitors therefore, not every media conglomerate will maintain at the top.